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In India, the notion of the brand is both nascent and spreading at a gallop. States, NGOs, government bodies, spiritual leaders, cricket teams and other once-unlikely entities are starting to receive marketing attention, so the brand is never far behind. It's the new orthodoxy.University brands, an oxymoron in India until the 1990s, are a fascinating example. They are numerous, often very old, and slow to change, and display - like species - many stages of evolution. This is reflected in their visual identities.Of course, there's much more to a brand than the logo, which is only the tip of the brand's iceberg, so to speak. But it is a tell-tale sign of how an organisation sees itself, and the face it wants to show.Deep Design reveals the interplay of symbol and reality and the invisible hand of evolution. We shall consider two epochs, the shift (in India) occurring in the late 20th century.For 150 years, university identities followed an internationally prescribed code. The words seal,