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Stubble burning

About Stubble burning

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What is Stubble Burning ?

Stubble (parali) burning is a method of removing paddy crop residues from the field to sow wheat from the last week of September to November. Stubble burning is a process of setting on fire the straw stubble, left after the harvesting of grains, like paddy, wheat, etc. It is usually required in areas that use the combined harvesting method which leaves crop residue behind.
 
The process of burning farm residue is one of the major causes of air pollution in parts of north India, deteriorating the air quality.
 
Along with vehicular emissions, it affects the Air Quality Index (AQI) in the national capital and NCR. Stubble burning by farmers in Haryana, western Uttar Pradesh and Punjab in north India is considered a major cause of air pollution in Delhi and its adjoining regions.
 
Paddy stubble burning is practised mainly in the Indo-Gangetic plains of Punjab, Haryana, and UP to clear the fields for rabi crop sowing. The paddy crop is harvested between the first and last weeks of October in Punjab and Haryana. Then, farmers sow the wheat crop from the first week of November until the middle of December.
 
The major reason behind the stubble burning is the short time available between rice harvesting and sowing of wheat as delay in sowing wheat affects the wheat crop. Between the harvesting of the paddy crop and the sowing of the next crop, there is only a two to three weeks’ time window is left.
 
The rice stubble burning is highest in the state of Punjab followed by Haryana, whereas Uttar Pradesh ranks higher in wheat stubble burning.
 
Crop residue burning is practised by the farmers to prepare the land for the next cultivation. Through this method, the remains of crops like straw which remains in the field as residue after harvesting is burned. Therefore, stubble burning is considered one of the cheapest methods to clean the field after the harvesting season.
 
Impact
 
Pollution: Stubble burning emits toxic pollutants in the atmosphere containing harmful gases like Carbon Monoxide (CO), methane (CH4), carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, volatile organic compounds (VOC). These pollutants disperse in the surroundings and eventually affect air quality and people's health by forming a thick blanket of smog.
 
Soil fertility: Soil becomes less fertile and its nutrients are destroyed when the husk is burned on the ground
 
Heat penetration: Stubble burning generates heat that penetrates into the soil, causing an increase in erosion, loss of useful microbes and moisture.
 

Latest Updates on Stubble burning

Govt must not let agri protests escalate

Updated On: 22 Mar 2023 | 10:39 PM IST

Punjab Chief Secretary Vijay Kumar Janjua on Tuesday assured the Commission for Air Quality Management (CAQM) that the state will reduce the fire instances by 50 per cent in comparison with 2022

Updated On: 07 Feb 2023 | 7:43 PM IST

Gopal Rai also appealed to all the agencies and resident welfare associations of Delhi to provide heaters to employees and guards on night duty

Updated On: 20 Dec 2022 | 1:44 PM IST

Smoke from the burning of crop stubble lingers over most of north India for weeks during the cold months of November and December, with air quality deteriorating to hazardous levels in several areas

Updated On: 14 Dec 2022 | 7:03 AM IST

Experts say cloudy skies in 2022 and farmers only burning part of the stubble could have led to an underestimation of this year's stubble fires

Updated On: 13 Dec 2022 | 10:27 AM IST

Bhupender Yadav also criticised the AAP governments in Delhi and Punjab for adopting a two-sided approach to curb farm fires

Updated On: 10 Dec 2022 | 2:31 PM IST

The total number of paddy crop residue burning events during Sept 15-October 30 period in Punjab, Haryana, Delhi and NCR districts of Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan have come down to 53,792 this year

Updated On: 05 Dec 2022 | 9:08 PM IST

Punjab recorded a 30 per cent drop in stubble burning incidents this season (from September 15 to November 30) as compared to last year, Environment Minister Gurmeet Singh Meet Hayer said

Updated On: 01 Dec 2022 | 6:54 AM IST

Under the campaign, the authorities are appealing to farmers to "donate" the paddy stubble to the "gauthans", the livestock sheds

Updated On: 28 Nov 2022 | 5:23 PM IST

With its unique stubble management technology to minimise stubble burning, Canadian smart seeder has sensitised farmers in Punjab and Haryana through winter wheat sowing trials

Updated On: 23 Nov 2022 | 2:46 PM IST

Delhi's air quality improved significantly on Tuesday amid a sharp decline in farm fires in Punjab over the last two days

Updated On: 15 Nov 2022 | 10:54 PM IST

The fact is Delhi is also part of the pollution problem - its sources of combustion add to the pollution of neighbouring states and theirs to Delhi

Updated On: 13 Nov 2022 | 10:33 PM IST

Special incentives for small farmers to scale up adoption of paddy stubble management measures and an increase in area under short-duration crop varieties are key recommendations of a new study

Updated On: 13 Nov 2022 | 8:08 PM IST

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Updated On: 13 Nov 2022 | 7:35 PM IST

The commission recently heard the responses of the Chief Secretaries of Delhi, Haryana, Punjab, and Uttar Pradesh in connection with its suo motu cognizance of unabated air pollution in Delhi- NCR

Updated On: 13 Nov 2022 | 7:59 AM IST

The state had reported 71,091 such incidents during the same period in 2020

Updated On: 12 Nov 2022 | 10:12 PM IST

An AQI between 201 and 300 is considered "poor", 301 and 400 "very poor", and 401 and 500 "severe"

Updated On: 12 Nov 2022 | 9:01 PM IST

The Commission has asked the chief secretaries concerned to remain present again either in person or hybrid mode on November 18 for the next hearing on the matter

Updated On: 12 Nov 2022 | 6:52 PM IST

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Updated On: 12 Nov 2022 | 11:20 PM IST

Brick kilns, hot mix plants and stone crushers are also not allowed to operate

Updated On: 11 Nov 2022 | 8:30 PM IST